Unveiling the Science Behind Energy Psychology: How Tapping Works

David Gruder, PhD, DCEP • February 17, 2025

David Feinstein, not to anyone’s surprise, has contributed yet another groundbreaking paper to the field of energy psychology. This one focuses on the physiological mechanisms that appear to explain how tapping actually works. While empirical verification of effectiveness is vital—and we’ve come a very long way toward establishing that—it’s a bit more complicated to credibly pinpoint the physiology behind those results.

Dr. Feinstein’s latest article, "Physiological Mechanisms of Energy Psychology Treatments: An Updated Synthesis," was just published in the journal Energy Psychology. It presents seven empirically supported premises that elucidate the biological basis for the clinical improvements we consistently see when using energy psychology techniques.

 

The Journey from Skepticism to Scientific Validation

The energy psychology field, including its most well-known method, Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), has come a long way since its inception in the 1980s. Met with strong skepticism for a long time, and often wrongly dismissed as pseudoscience, this approach has gained significant traction in clinical practice and academic research. This credibility has been fortified by over 200 peer-reviewed clinical trials supporting its efficacy, on top of millions of downloads of the EFT mobile app worldwide.


The challenge for energy psychology, however, has always been explaining its mechanisms in ways that align with modern scientific understanding. Early explanations often relied on concepts from traditional Eastern medicine, such as "meridians" and "subtle energies," but these concepts have been difficult to verify using conventional scientific methods.


Feinstein's paper marks a significant shift in this narrative. It provides a comprehensive synthesis of current research that explains energy psychology's effectiveness through the lens of Western science.

 

The Backbone of Energy Psychology's Efficacy: Seven Key Premises

Feinstein's paper outlines seven empirically supported premises that unveil the physiological mechanisms underlying energy psychology treatments. His focus is on methods that use acupoint tapping, like Emotional Freedom Techniques and Thought Field Therapy.


  1. Biological Markers of Improvement: Clinical improvements following acupoint tapping sessions are consistently reflected in measurable, clinically desirable biological shifts. These include reduced cortisol levels, lowered blood pressure, favorable changes in gene expression, and improved heart rate variability.
  2. Generation of Electromagnetic Signals: The act of tapping on acupoints generates electromagnetic signals through a process known as "mechanosensory transduction," in which mechanical pressure is converted into electrical signals.
  3. Signal Transmission to the Brain: These electromagnetic signals are transmitted to the brain via two primary pathways: the nervous system and the body's connective tissue network.
  4. Targeted Brain Activation: The signals reach the brain regions that are aroused by the thoughts, memories, and images the client focuses on during the tapping process.
  5. Neurological Regulation: Once reaching the brain, these signals help regulate brain activity, either increasing or decreasing activation in ways that promote healing and adaptive behavior.
  6. Alignment with Memory Reconsolidation: The process aligns perfectly with scientific understanding of memory reconsolidation, which is the way the brain updates old learnings with new experiences.
  7. Increasing the Effectiveness of Exposure Techniques: Psychological exposure is one of the most potent treatments for trauma-based disorders, and combining this with tapping sends signals directly to the limbic system that down-regulate arousal, making exposure treatments even more rapid and effective.


The Neurobiological Dance of Tapping

Feinstein's synthesis draws from multiple scientific disciplines beyond psychology to paint a comprehensive picture of how tapping works at the neurobiological level. Imaging studies cited in his paper reveal fascinating insights into the brain's response to tapping:


  • An fMRI study showed decreased arousal in brain regions associated with pain perception after tapping sessions.
  • Another study, which also used fMRI pre/post treatment measures, found reduced activation in neural areas linked to food cravings after tapping treatments for obesity.
  • Other imaging studies suggest that the technique appears to facilitate the integration of negative emotional experiences at a neural level


These findings not only substantiate the subjective experiences reported by clients but also provide a scientific foundation for the observed clinical improvements.

 

Implications for Psychotherapy

Understanding these mechanisms has profound implications for psychotherapy. For instance, the knowledge that tapping generates electromagnetic signals that travel to aroused brain regions underscores the importance of having clients focus on specific aspects of their problems while tapping. This clarity can enable practitioners to fine-tune their techniques for maximum efficacy.


Moreover, understanding how tapping facilitates memory reconsolidation can help clinicians recognize and capitalize on moments when old beliefs become more flexible and receptive so change can occur. This, in turn, can lead to more targeted and effective interventions.


Future Research Directions

While Feinstein's paper provides strong scientific support for energy psychology's mechanisms, it also highlights areas where further research is needed. He suggests some directions for future studies, including:


  • Direct measurement of the electromagnetic signals generated by tapping.
  • Real-time tracking of signal propagation through the body during tapping sessions.
  • More detailed mapping of the neural pathways involved in the tapping response.


Such studies should be able to further refine our understanding of energy psychology's mechanisms and potentially lead to even more effective treatment protocols.

 

Conclusion: A New Era for Energy Psychology

We stand on the brink of a new era in mental health treatment—one that more fully demonstrates in accepted scientific ways, that energy psychology methods do indeed harness the body's own electromagnetic and more subtle energy systems to promote healing and well-being. Feinstein’s latest paper marks a next big milestone in advancing this emerging trend. By providing a scientifically grounded explanation for the efficacy of energy psychology techniques, it opens the door for broader acceptance and integration of these remarkable methods into mainstream psychotherapeutic practice.


For practitioners, this “how it works” research offers an even more solid foundation for explaining their work to scientifically-minded colleagues and clients alike. For researchers, it provides a roadmap for future investigations that can further refine and expand our understanding of these powerful techniques.


Feinstein’s full paper delves into the dynamics that are beyond the scope of this summary. You can access it and other resources from http://3resources.energytapping.com

 

Want to Add Emotional Freedom Techniques to Your Toolkit?

 

Author

David Gruder, PhD, DCEP, is a distinguished psychologist and Wall Street Journal bestselling author who has garnered 12 awards for his professional contributions. As the founding president of ACEP, he played a pivotal role in establishing the organization. David is a highly respected authority on integrating energy psychology into psychotherapy and business development practices. For more information, visit DrGruder.com.

By Lori Chortkoff Hops • October 14, 2026
December 1961 - September 2026 Personal reflections by Lori Chortkoff Hops, PhD, DCEP, Former ACEP President Shockingly, we lost a great one. Teacher extraordinaire. Multitalented healer. Introspective thinker. Generously hearted. Craig Weiner lived life with gusto, whether vibing with international creative expressions of formal and street art or cherishing exotic cuisine, deftly climbing rocky heights, or sunset kayaking with whales in the sound. Craig was ever curious for the next adventure, delighted with spontaneous encounters with new and familiar souls and animals, sounds and colors. Holding a razor-sharp memory, Craig could easily quote an apt phrase, whether common or obscure, at a moment's notice , highlighting one of his many areas of expertise or fascination. How strange indeed to be left with the echoes of silence his memory traces through our collective grief. Only months before his passing from the physical form, Craig and his beloved wife and partner, Alina Frank , were newly settling into their home in sunny Mexico, far from their home of many years in the lush wetlands of the Pacific Northwest. In true Craig style, he befriended many people right away, while sharing his antics with those at home through his active social media sites. Many relished his detailed narratives with videos from stunning desert, sea, mountain, and waters of the world. Craig greeted people with glee, with his trusted dog Bibi (aka Habibi Bear) in tow. In true Craig fashion, Bibi sometimes was carried and worn like a scarf, riding on the back of Craig's neck. Craig gave unceasingly from his soul for the well-being of all, leaving an immeasurable impact on the field of energy healing. His accomplishments are broad and deep, and can be found listed on his website . In his brief time with us, though he accomplished much, he left many dreams unrealized. It is up to us to find our way to extend what we loved best about Craig, and make it happen with him in mind. Beyond his vast curricula of knowledge and products and classes, I was most touched by Craig's unceasing commitment to excellence, deeply sharing authentically from his heart moments of pain and joy, his snappy sense of humor, and his infectious smile with a hearty laugh asking us to meet his mood with our own joy. Craig's life is honored with two memorial services, in his two homes, with beloved friends and family. And we will all be able to track Craig's eternal spirit when we hear the splash of sea life, see silver light dancing on the water, and feel the warmth of love in laughing eyes, no matter the species. You can learn more about Craig's life story and work in his own words through this podcast interview with me . If you wish to donate to a charity in Craig Weiner's name, his wife Alina Frank has kindly requested choosing Jovenes Adelante . Jóvenes Adelante AC is a Mexican Donataria Autorizada; JA is a 501 (c) (3) non profit. All financial contributions are tax deductible. About the Autor Lori Chortkoff Hops, PhD, DCEP is a licensed psychologist in Westlake Village, California, USA. She is certified in Comprehensive Energy Psychology and Logosynthesis. Lori is a past ACEP president and Reiki master. Learn more about Lori at www.drlorihops.com . Lori teaches online intuition classes and consultation. Check out her podcast Healing Tips from the Heart: Helpers, Healers and Guides.
By Dawn Eidelman • October 14, 2026
Widening the Circle: The Ripple Effect (Part 1 of 3) 
By Amy Frost • October 14, 2026
When people hear the words humanitarian work, they may imagine traveling across the world to respond to a war, natural disaster, or humanitarian crisis. That work matters enormously. But over many years of working with veterans, military families, first responders, community leaders, and the ACEP Humanitarian Committee, I have learned something equally important: You do not have to travel across the world to change the world. You can begin with the community right in front of you. I grew up in a military family. I was born on an Air Force base. My uncle, a Navy pilot, died in a plane crash when I was very young. Years later, my husband Tom died during Desert Storm, and the life I thought I had mapped out suddenly disappeared. At the time, I had a successful career with the Department of Defense. I had an MBA. I knew how to organize, manage, execute, and get things done. Grief didn't particularly care. Eventually, my own search for healing led me to earn a master's degree in spiritual psychology. Over time, what began as my own journey became a calling to serve veterans and their families—and, increasingly, the many people who spend their lives serving others. Build Community Before the Crisis One of the most important lessons I have learned about humanitarian work is surprisingly simple: Don't just run in to help. Build relationships first. Years ago, through ACEP's humanitarian work, Suzanne Connolly, Dr. Kristin Miller, and I became involved in developing what evolved into a Veteran-to-Veteran project in Las Vegas. We didn't simply arrive with a program and tell veterans what we thought they needed. We reached out to people already trusted within the veteran community—leaders connected with the VA, Nevada veterans' services, veteran groups, and other community organizations. We listened. We built relationships and earned their buy-in. Then we introduced tools from Thought Field Therapy and energy psychology that they could use themselves and share within the circles where they already had trust. My job was not to become the center of the system. My job was to help strengthen the system that was already there. Our final formal training took place in April 2017. Six months later, on October 1, Las Vegas experienced a devastating mass shooting.  Suddenly, the relationships we had spent years cultivating mattered in ways none of us could have anticipated. I didn't have to figure out how to reach an entire traumatized city. The network already existed. I could reach the leaders I knew, support them, and help them support their own communities. Build community before the crisis. When something happens, you won't be starting from zero. The Ripples Create More Ripples Today, I continue working with veterans and their families throughout Las Vegas. I support the Rebel Vets community at UNLV when they need me, and I facilitate a monthly gathering at the City of North Las Vegas Veterans & Community Resource Center. We deliberately call it Women's Fun Day . Why? Because if we called it Suicide Prevention, a lot of people who need connection might never walk through the door. Women veterans come, but so do spouses, adult children, caregivers, and community supporters. We talk. We laugh. We practice something simple—a breathing technique, tapping, another self-regulation tool. Sometimes I support them. Sometimes they support me. And then something wonderful happens: people take what they learn and carry it somewhere else. One veteran I've known for years is now in pastry school and mentoring younger people there. She is sharing some of the practices she has learned with the young people she encounters. Others have created simple “walk and talk” gatherings in local parks or brought self-care practices into coffee shops and community groups. This is how humanitarian work grows: the ripples create more ripples. It doesn't always require a large grant, a formal program, or an airplane ticket. Sometimes it begins with a walk. Sometimes with coffee. Sometimes with one person asking another person, How are you, really? Hope Providers Need Hope, Too There is another part of humanitarian work that I believe we need to talk about much more openly. I call it providing hope for the hope providers . The people who spend their lives helping others—clinicians, first responders, veterans, caregivers, nonprofit leaders, teachers, humanitarians—can become extraordinarily good at appearing fine. They are often the people everyone else depends upon. That can make it very difficult for them to say, I need help. I think about suicide prevention through that wider lens. Long before someone reaches the most visible point of crisis, something may be disappearing mentally, emotionally, or spiritually. Someone may continue running an organization, caring for a family, or serving a community while quietly running out of resources themselves. I know something about this personally. After my husband died, there were moments when I did not want to be here. I had to find my own way through that terrain. Years later, during the aftermath of the Las Vegas shooting, my own grief resurfaced. I had spent years learning about self-care and teaching it to other people. But I discovered another layer underneath all my competence and activity. I needed to learn how to receive care, too. If we want people to remain in the work for the long haul, we have to support the people doing the supporting. Why ACEP Matters to Me This is one reason ACEP has become so important in my life. ACEP gives me community. It gives me people with whom I can have conversations I don't get to have anywhere else. It gives me trusted resources and colleagues who understand this work from the inside. Through ACEP's Humanitarian Committee and our conferences, I have met people who became dear friends—and then became collaborators in doing good in the world. We support one another. We challenge one another. We remind one another to practice the very things we teach. And ACEP's humanitarian work has never been only about what one committee accomplishes. Its real power lies in what happens when someone gets an idea, finds a few kindred spirits, learns useful tools, and takes them home. One person mentors another. One project becomes another. One community develops its own capacity to respond. Eventually, we don't even know where all the ripples have traveled. That is a good thing. Start Where You Are So what would I say to someone who feels called to humanitarian work but doesn't know where to begin? Start where you are. Find something you genuinely care about. Find the people already doing the work and listen to them. Learn a few practices that can help people regulate stress and reconnect with themselves and one another. Make those practices simple and accessible. Find collaborators. Take care of yourself while you are doing it. And then give other people permission to take what works and make it their own. You do not have to do everything. You are not supposed to. Maybe your contribution is traveling to a community in crisis. Maybe it is supporting the people who do. Maybe it is mentoring one young practitioner, gathering veterans for coffee, teaching a breathing technique, checking on a caregiver, or simply believing in someone who has forgotten how to believe in themselves. Make it simple. Make it fun. Do what you're here to do. Then let the ripples travel. Because perhaps that is the deepest lesson humanitarian work has taught me: we are not here to rescue one another. We are here to build communities strong enough that we can care for one another. About the Author Amy Frost, MBA, MA Spiritual Psychology, is an educator, facilitator, trainer, coach, writer, and longtime humanitarian whose work has included veterans, military families, first responders, community servants, and those who support them. A longtime member of ACEP's Humanitarian Committee and ACEP's 2018 Humanitarian of the Year, Amy has spent decades developing community-based approaches to resilience, self-care, peer support, and humanitarian service. Image by qimono from Pixabay
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